Hydrochemistry, Elements Distribution and Their Potential Recoveries in Gold Metallurgical Treatment Tailings Dams

Abstract

Recovering metals from mining wastewater is important in minimizing environmental pollution and maximizing resource efficiency. For this, a characterization step and understanding the oc-currence of metals and other compounds are essential. The present study focused on waters from different mining dams containing metals such as Au, Cu, Ni, Zn, and sulfates, located in the Iron Quadrangle region, (Brazil). The results indicate the occurrence of waters with low to high metal content in a neutral zone in three tailings dams from the metallurgical treatment of Au. With the aim of assessing the potential reuse of these elements, 3D maps of the distribution, statistical analysis, and the processes governing mobility and partitioning are also described. The high potential for Au recovery, especially, can be detected from the use of methods such as nanofibers with biosorbents being more sustainable and of low operational cost.